Apparatus for treating ores.



c. w. SINGER.` 'APPARATUS FOR TREATING ORES.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 23, i915.

c. W'. SINGER.

APPARAIUS FOR TREATING ORES. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 23, 19I5.

l ,188,567 Patented June 27, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

C. W. SINGER.

APPARATUS FCR TREATING ORES.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 23,19I5.

Patented June 27, 19,16

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

THE COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH co., WASHING-rml, D. c.

fraz/676607".

`Ores, of which 'narran sTaTns PATENT ernten,

CHARLES Vf. SINGER, GF LNDEN, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNDRVTO CAMPBELL MAGNETIC SEPARATING GGMPANY, A 'GORPORATION`QF ARIZONA.

APPARATUS FOR TREATIN-G GRES.

` Specification of Letters Patent.r

Patented` June 27, 1916.

T0 all fac/tom t may 'concern Be it known that I, CHARLES W. SINGER, p

a citizen of the United States, Vresiding at Linden, in the county of Iowa and State of 'Wisconsin, have invented new and useful improvements in Apparatus for Treating the following is a specification.

rThis inventionrelates 'to means for treating ferruginous ores containing sulfids in preparation for magnetic separation, and its object is to provide an apparatus that is more `efficient than those heretofore employed.

The apparatus consists primarily of a furnace of a type similar to that described in Letters Patent of the United States to Etherington, No. 1,051,494, dated January 28th, 1913, so constructed that a non-oxidizing atmosphere may be maintained in the furnace While it is in operation.

It has been demonstrated that in order to get the best results in magnetizing nonmagnetic ores by heat, it is desirable to admit only sufficient air to supportV the combustion of the fuel Without materially oXidizing the metallic constituents of the ore, and Letters Patent of the United vStates No. 1,053,486 dated February 18th, 1913, were issued to said Etherington for such process. it is to perform the process described in said Letters Patent that my device is especially V( lesigned and adapted, and by `Which 'the process can lbe practised with greater efficicncy,economv and better results than `heretofore, particular-ly because of its adaptation to the treatment of the finest material, even the lightest ore dust.

An important feature of my invention resides in providing a furnace of gradually tapering form from end to end, free from obstructions to the passage of the ore, and also free from obstructions to the passage of the heat. i/Vith this form of construction it is possible to roast V*more `one with same' fuel as more vore is 'exposed to the heat at a given time and there is greater freedom of draft, owing rto the fact that -the products of combustion are carried away and do not block the heat from .passing through.

Other improvements reside `in the `ore mixers of reduced size which merely' st ir Without precipitating the ore into the line -of draft, and the position of the feed pipe tion of lFig. 1 through "the `line l delivery orifice lbelow the line of draft, both of which features prevent ,the loss of fine ore particles.

"lhe term line of draft Whenever used `herein shall. be understood to include the space embraced within imaginary straight lines drawn from all points 1n the periphery of the air inlet to corresponding points in `the periphery of the air outlet, and in this described and claimed in my companion application l-f-or Letters Patent, Serial Number 875,255, and hereinafter described in detail. i l

ln the accompanying drawing Figure 1 represents a side elevation of my furnace or kiln; Fig. 2 represents an elevation of the discharging vendy of the same; Fig. 3 represents an `'elevation of the receiving end thereof; vFig. 4: represents a transverse sec- B, showing the rollers l5 and T6 and their supporting brackets in side elevation. Fig. 5 represents a ltransverse section'of Fig. l through the line :C-D, and shows the rollers 13 and 14 and their brackets in side elevation. Fig.

f6 `is a detail elevation of the means for adjustingr the `positions -of fthe brackets 31 and 32. F 7 is a detail plan of the under side of the same. Fig. 8 .is an elevation ofthe vside of the smoke chamber adjacent the 'kiln show-ing the .sliding `plate 66 and its clamping means. Figs. 9 and 10 are details of portions of the blocks 26 and T irons`25 .showing their yrelation and the Wedge form .head 58 secured to lthe larger end of 'the secticn 6 by the bolts 59 is secured an anvnular flan re158 which snrrounds't-he central opening 66 through which the flame from a .hydro-carbon burner a :is projected into the furnace. For my purpose I prefer to use the Cil type of burner shown in the United States Letters Patent to Barker, No. 825,290 issued July 10th, 1906. But any burner employing either fuel oil, coal gas or the like, and capable of producing a jet of flame when projected by a blast of air into the furnace will suflice for my purpose. It is unnecessary to illustrate in detail the construction of the burner as the same is a matter of common knowledge. Any blast of heat from a source outside of the kiln is within the scope of my invention.

The collar 7 riveted to the larger end of the section in such manner as to project beyond the edge of the section, is adapted to receive the smaller end of section 6, and to secure together the sections 5 and G in the relation shown in Fig. 1 with theiredges in abutment when said sections are thus assembled, so as to form a continuous and gradually tapering furnace or kiln free from` transverse shoulders or obstructions on the inside. Bolts 8 extending through lugs 9 secured by any suitable means to the sections 5 and 6 respectively adjacent the collar 7 serve to bind the sections 5 and 6 together and form a tight joint between them. Longitudinally disposed on the interior of the kiln 4 are shallow strips of steel 57 adapted to stir and mix the orejas the kiln is rotated. These shallow strips need not be more than one inch or one and a half inches in height, and approximately one or two inches in width, forming a little more than longitudinal ribs or corrugations sufficient for the purpose of agitating the ore slightly without lifting it to any material extent.

It is desirable in the treatment of eX- ceedingly fine dusty ores to avoid as much as possible the precipitation of the ore into the path of the air blast which is driveninto the furnace. These fine dusty ores contain .metals in such microscopic particles that they are readily carried into the flue if cxposed to the direct action of the air blast. The employment of these shallow strips 57 or their equivalents in the form of slightly ribbed or corrugated surfaces, isof the greatest importance in the recovery of a high percentage of the metal content of the ore,

and I have found from Yactual experience that such strips, ribs or corrugations are adequate for the'purpose of agitating the ore sufliciently to present it to the heat to the best advantage and secure the requisite magnetization of the ore. The head. 58 of the section 6 is provided with discharge ports G1 adjacent the periphery of the head through which the roasted ore is discharged.

G2 is a' cap riveted to the feed extremity of the section 5 provided with a central flanged annular aperture (i3, the flange 64 of which protrudes through the aperture in the plate GG slidably clamped to the wall 67 of the smoke chamber or flue 68, and through the aperture G9 in the wall G7 which apcrture is made larger than the aperture G5 which closely surrounds the flange G4. The screw clamps engage the vertical slots 71 which permit the kiln together with the plate (5G to be elevated or depressed without disturbing the position of the smoke chamA ber G8.

74 is the telescoping upper section of the feed pipe through which the raw ore is delivered into the kiln, 74 is the adjustable lower section positioned so that the orifice is entirely below the aperture 63 and therefore the line of heavy draft, which relation is at all times maintained by securing the adjustable section 74a by any suitable means as the bracket 74h to the plate GG.

The location of the discharging end of the feed pipe into the kiln below the opening into the flue or smoke chamber, is an important feature in that the ore falling therefrom is not deposited into the path of the blast of air or draft through the kiln. The importance of this consists in avoiding the loss of the fine particles of ore into the flue by reason of being caught up in the currents of air that are circulating through the kiln. The furnace or kiln is rotatably supported by the track rings 1l and 12, which encircle the sections 5 and 6 respectively and rest respectively on the rollers 13 and' 14 journaled in brackets 31' and 32, and

rollers 15 and 16 journaled in brackets 83 and 84 supported on the bed of the furnace 17. The ring 11 is provided on the inside with an annular flange 18, which rests loosely in the slots 19 formed in the brackets 20, which are riveted to the section ln Fig. 5 the grooves 19 `are shown to be formed by riveting plates 21 to both sides of the brackets 20, so thatthe plates project beyond the extremities of the brackets. rlhe ring 12 is provided with an annular flange 22, which. rests loosely in slots 23 formed in the guides 2l which guides are fastened to the T irons 25 by the bolts 25a. The ring 12 rides freely upon the grooved blocks 26 which are also bolted to the T irons 25. The `grooves 25a in the blocks 26 embrace and slidably engage the uprights 29 of the T irons 25 which are provided with a series of bolt holes 2Gb one inch apart registering with similar series of holes 26 in the eX- tension sides 26d of the blocks 2G. Owing to the fact that the surfaces of the blocks adjacent the flange 22 of the ring 12 are net parallel to the lines of bolt holes 2Gc the blocks are adapted to operate as wedges as they may be adjusted on the 'l' irons in various relations to the guide members 2t and thus all caused to bear siuniltaneously against the flange 22 of the ring 12 or not, as desired. rl`he ends of the T irons 25 are loosely supported in sockets 27 which con- 25 to slide freely7 under the same.

Vplates 27 forming the sockets are also prosist of plates bolted or otherwise secured to the shell of section 6 in such manner as to provide a space sufficient for the T irons The vfree and independent contraction and expansion of the parts connected therewith, and yet provides a secure assemblage of the same. The means described of slinging the ring 11 also permits certain freedom of independent.contraction and expansion of the section 5 but the ring 11 being located a greater distance from the source of heat than the ring 12 is located, it is not necessarv to employ an arrangement to compensate for this expansion and contraction so elaborate as that provided for the ring 12.

35 and 36 are guide rolls supported in -veitical bearings in the brackets 37 and 38,

and are adapted to bear against the opposite sides of the rim 39 of the ring 11, and thereby to prevent longitudinal displacement of Y the furnace or kiln. The bed 17 is pivotally supported at one extremity at 40, and is adjnstably supported at the other extremity by the jack screws 41 operating in screw threaded collars 43 secured to the bed of the furnace, said jack screws resting upon the base 42.

44 is the main shaft which transmits the power through the auxiliary shafts 48, 47, the beveled gears 48, 49, the counter shaft 50 and the pinion 51 to the gear ring 45 secured to section 5 of the furnace. The shaft 46 is connected with the shafts 44 and 47 by means of the universal joints'52 and which permit the bed 17 to be elevated or depressed by the jack screws 41 without disturbing the position of the shaft 44. The beveled gear 48 is keyed to the shaft 47 which is mounted in bearings in the bracket 54 supported on the bed 17. The beveled Vgear 49 in mesh with the gear 48 is keyed to the shaft 50 mounted in bearings in the brackets and 56 secured to the bed 17. r1`he pinion 51 is also keyed to the shaft 50.

In Figs. 6 and 7 is shown adjusting means to compensate for the wearing away of the contact surface of the track rings 11 and 12 which if not eounteracted permits of a grad-V ual sinking of the kiln 4 and consequent cx- -cessively deep meshing and jamming of the 'gear ring 45 with the pinion 51 and ultimate ldestruction of the latter. This means consists of the following parts: The right .and

left screw 7 G is journaled to rotate in bear-A ings 82 and 83 of brackets 77 and 7 9 respectively, tlie right hand threaded portion engaging a lug 80 fast to the bracket 77 and the left hand tlireaded'portion engaging a'y Abed 17 at one extremity thereof and has fast thereto a collar 78 which abuts against the side wall 17b of the bed 17 near its other extremity. rlhe brackets 77 and 79 are secured to plates 84 and 85 respectively,` disposed beneath the bed 17. Bolts 8G passed through the plate 84, base of the bracket 31 and slots 87 in the bed 17, and bolts 88 passed through the plate 85, base of the bracket 32 and slots 89 in the bed 17 secure the plate 84 to the bracket 31 and the plate 85 to the bracket 32. 1t is obvious that by turning the terminal nut 90 with which the right and left screw 7 8 is provided,the plates 84 andv85, `and thus the brackets 31 and 32 to the latitude permitted by the length of the slots 87 and 89 and acording to the direction in which the nut 90 is turned; by bringing the brackets 31 and 32 into greater proximity the rollers 13 and 14 are likewise brought closer together and thus the gradual diminution in the peripheral dimension 0f the track rings 11 and 12 caused by frictional wearing away of the surface in contact with the rollers 13 and 14 and the rollers 15 and 16 is compensated, substantially the same relation between the positions of the kiln 4 and bed 17 is at all times maintained and hence an effective and economic operative relation between the gear' ring 45 and pinion 51, eliminating tendency to destruction of the latter.

The operation of my improved apparatus is as follows: The kiln '4 is set at the desired pitch by means of the'screws 41 which serveV to elevate'or depress the bed 17 on which the kiln issupported through engagement with the screw threaded collars 43 secured to the bed 17. The carbon burners are then adjusted to give the desired miX- ture of oil and air and angle of projection of llame and ignited. Power is applied to the shaft 44 and thus the kiln 4 slowly rotatedv on the rings 11 and 12 and rollers 13, 14, 15 and 16. Crushed raw ore is delivered into the feed pipe under section 74 and discharged from the orifice 7 5 at the `upper end of the kiln at a point below the line of draft. Thus particles of line dusty ores are not blown back through the opening "63 but are deposited on the bottoni of the kiln and subjected to the heat from the burners. As the kiln rotates the mixers 57 slightly stir or agitate the ore, thus pre-l lug 81 fast to the bracket 79. The screw iio jpl

SII

is obviated. Advanced by the force of, gravity the ore gradually travels in a body along the bottom of the kiln, first becoming heated and then roasted and the ferruginous constituents magnetized as the particles are subjected to the greatest degrees of heat in the section G, and finally reaching the head 5S is discharged through the ports Gl. lf the ore exhibits tendency to under roasting the -period of subjection to the fianie may be lengthened by depressing the feed end of the kiln l by means of the screws il; if it appears to be over roasting the kiln may in like manner be elevated and the period shortened; in this manner the rate of speed ofthe ore through the kiln may be accurately controlled and adapted at all times to the character of the ore under treatment. lf any adjusmtent of the pitch of the kiln is to be made the clamps are first loosened thus permitting` the -flange Get to move the plate GG to conform to the altered position of the flange. is the plate (3G is moved the position of the adjustable feed pipe section Z1-l secured thereto is correspondingly altered and the proper relation between the orifice and the aperture G3 thus maintained. After the adjustment ismade the clamps are then turned down to hold the plate firmly in the required new position. ln making adjustments of the brackets 31 and 32 to compensate for the vwearing of the track rings ll and l2, it is first necessary to jack the kiln up in order to take the weight off of the rollers 153 and l-f. The nut 90 is then turned the required amount to bring the rollers into such proximity as to effect a proper meshing relation between the gear ring l5 and pinion 5l. rihe kiln is then unjacked and again eased on to the rollers. Owing to the novel free system of assemblage of parts in my apparatus the life of the kiln shell is greatly prolonged; when however the section G which is subjected to the greatest heat becomes burnt out a new section may readily be substituted by removingi the bolts 8 and detaching the section G from the section 5 and bolting on the new section, such of the T irons, lugs, sockets, blocks and guide members being retained for assembling with the new section as are fit for further usage. The head 58 may likewise be unbolted and bolted on the new section if still intact. In dismantling the lugs sockets 27, 'l' irons 25, blocks 2G, guide members 2st and bolts 59, the bolts 8 are first unbolted allowing` section 6 to be separated from section 5 and removed to a convenient place. The blocks 26 and guide members 2e are then unbolted and the ring 12 is slipped off. Then the rivets aresheared on lugs S), sockets 27 and bolts 59, thus allowing the head 58, T irons 25, lugs 9, sockets 27 and bolts 59 to be removed. The

risate? sockets 27 to secure one end of the T irons 25 are then riveted in their proper positions on one end of new section 6, the T irons slipped into place and the remaining sockets 27 placed over the other ends of the T irons and riveted to the shell, care being taken that sufficient space for expansion of the T irons is provided. The lugs 9 and bolts 59 are then riveted in place, ring l2 slipped on, and blocks 26 and guides 2-1- bolted to the T irons to secure ring 12 in proper position. Head 5S is then bolted on and vsection 6 fitted in to section 5 and bolted. rlhe kiln is now ready for further o aeration.

lWhile l do not limit my invention to any particular size, dimensions or proportions,

as I find that a great variety of sizes may successfully employed, a kiln in which the section 5 is ten feet long and constructed .of boiler iron inch thick and the section G is eight feet long` and constructed of linch boiler iron and which tapers from 2t inch diameter at the feed end to 36 inch diameter at the discharge end has been demonstrated to be highly efficient.

That I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. A furnace fo-r roasting ore provided with means for confining the draft therethrough within a space which does not eK- tend to the interior surface of the furnace wall, and interior projections of a size adapted to stir the ore without precipitating the same intol the line of draft through the furnace.

2. An apparatus for treating ores in preparation for magnetic separation, comprising in combination a rotatable furnace provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, a source of heat created outside of said furnace, means for projecting a blast ofv heat into said furnace, means for confining the draft therethrough within a space which dees not extend to the interior surface of the furnace wall and projections on the interior wall of the furnace of a size adapted to stir the ore without precipitating the same into the line of draft through the furnacer 3. An apparatus for treating ores in preparation fo-r magnetic separation, coin- .prising in combination a rotatable furnace provided with means for confining the draft therethrough within a space which does not extend to the interior surface of the furnace wall, ksaid means embodying an air inlet, and an air-outlet of less area than a cross sectio-n of the feed end of the furnace, a source of heat createdoutside of said furnace, means for projecting a blast of heat into vsaid furnace, an ore feed pipe so disposed that the delivery orifice of said feed pipe is .located without the line of draft through the furnace, and interior projections of a size adapted to stir the ore without precipitating the same into the line of draft through the furnace.

4. An apparatus for treating ores in preparation for magnetic separation, comprising in combination a rotatable furnace provided with means for confining the draft therethrough withina space which does not extend to the interior surface of the furnace wall, said means embodying an air inlet, and an air outlet of less area than a cross section of the feed end of the furnace, a source of heat created outside of said furnace, means for projecting a blast of heat into said furnace, an ore feed pipe protruding through said air outlet and so disposed that the delivery orifice of said Vfeed pipe is located entirely below the lowest point in the periphery of the air outlet, and interior pro jections of a size adapted to stir the ore without precipitating the same into the line of draft through the furnace.

5. An apparatus for treating ores in preparation for magnetic separation, comprising in combination a furnace embodying a rotatable unlined metallic shell composed of a plurality of frusto-conical sections secured together and forming continuously tapering interior .and exterior walls, provided with means for confining the draft therethrough within a space which does not extend to the interior surface of the furnace wall, said means embodying an air inlet, and an air outlet of less area than a cross section of the feed end of the furnace, a source of heat created outside of said furnace, means for projecting a blast of heat into said furnace, an ore feed pipe so disposed that the delivery orifice of said feed pipe is located without the line of draft through the furnace, and interior projections of a size adapted to stir the ore without precipitatingthe same into the line of draft through thefurnace.

6. An apparatus for treating ores vin preparation for magnetic separation, comprising in combination a furnace embodying a rotatable unlined metallic shell com'- posed of a plurality of frusto-conical sections securedgtogether and forming continuously tapering interior and exterior walls, provided with means for confining the draft therethrough within a space which does not extend to the interior surface of the furnace wall, said means embodying an air inlet, and an air outlet of less area than a cross section of the feed end of the furnace, a source of heat created outside of said furnace, means for projecting a blast of heat into said furnace, an ore feed pipe protruding through said air outlet and so disposed that the delivery orifice of said feed pipe is located entirely below the lowest point in the periphery of the air outlet, and interior projections of a size adapted to stir the ore without precipitating the same into the line of draft through the furnace.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 27 th day of May 1915.

CHARLES W. SINGER. Witnesses;

CHAs. VA. Coon, EARLE C. WEARING.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the "Commissioner of Patents.

Washington, D. C. 

